Throat Cancer
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What is laryngeal or throat cancer?
It is a type of cancer that originates in the cells lining the larynx, which is the structure located at the top of the trachea responsible for producing the voice.
This type of cancer can also affect the pharynx, which is the structure that connects the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus. In general, laryngeal and throat cancer is considered a type of head and neck cancer.
Symptoms of throat cancer.
Primary symptoms:
They can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, but generally include changes in voice, persistent cough, difficulty swallowing, sore throat, lumps or masses in the neck, and unexplained weight loss. These symptoms can be similar to those of other less serious conditions, so it is important to consult a doctor if they persist for more than two weeks.
Secondary symptoms:
They may appear in later stages of the disease and may include difficulty breathing, persistent hoarseness, throat bleeding, ear pain, loss of appetite, and general weakness.
Diagnosis of laryngeal or throat cancer.
The diagnostic process usually begins with a thorough medical review, which includes a review of the patient’s medical history, a detailed physical examination, and an evaluation of the symptoms and signs present.
If the doctor suspects there may be cancer, additional tests such as a biopsy, endoscopy, or computed tomography may be ordered.
Biopsy:
It is a procedure that involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area and examining it in a laboratory to determine if there are cancerous cells present.
Endoscopy:
It involves the insertion of a thin tube with a camera into the throat or nose to examine the internal structures in detail.
Computed tomography (CT):
It is an imaging test that uses X-rays to obtain detailed information about internal tissues and can help determine the location and extent of cancer.
Treatments for throat cancer.
The treatment of laryngeal or throat cancer will depend on several factors, including the location and size of the tumor, the extent of cancer spread, the patient's age, and overall health. Among the options are:
Surgery:
It is used to remove the tumor and may include partial or total removal of the larynx or pharynx. If the entire larynx is removed, the patient will need a tracheostomy to breathe.
Radiation therapy:
A radiation-based treatment to destroy cancer cells and can be used before or after surgery.
Chemotherapy:
It is a combination of drugs designed to destroy cancer cells and can be used in combination with radiation therapy.
In some cases, rehabilitation therapy may be necessary after treatment to help the patient regain the ability to speak and swallow.
It is important to note that the treatment of laryngeal or throat cancer can have side effects such as loss of ability to speak or swallow, difficulty breathing, and decreased overall quality of life.
Therefore, it is important for patients to discuss treatment options and potential side effects with their doctor before making a decision.
Need help with throat cancer treatment?
Dr. Lech, an otolaryngologist, can assist you.
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